Primary Adipocyte Proteomics Signatures

Pavel Hruska, Jan Kucera, Matej Pekar, Pavol Holéczy, Miloslav Mazur, Marek Buzga, Daniela Kuruczova, Peter Lenart, Jana Fialova Kucerova, David Potesil, Zbynek Zdrahal, Julie Bienertova-Vasku
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 107, Issue 3, March 2022, Pages 755–775
https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgab756

Abstract

Context

Adipose tissue distribution is a key factor influencing metabolic health and risk in obesity-associated comorbidities.

Objective

Here we aim to compare the proteomic profiles of mature adipocytes from different depots.

Methods

Abdominal subcutaneous (SA) and omental visceral adipocytes (VA) were isolated from paired adipose tissue biopsies obtained during bariatric surgery on 19 severely obese women (body mass index > 30 kg/m²) and analyzed using state-of-the-art mass spectrometry. Differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to investigate proteome signature properties and to examine a possible association of the protein expression with the clinical data.

Results

We identified 3686 protein groups and found 1140 differentially expressed proteins (adj. P value < 0.05), of which 576 proteins were upregulated in SA and 564 in VA samples. We provide a global protein profile of abdominal SA and omental VA, present the most differentially expressed pathways and processes distinguishing SA from VA, and correlate them with clinical and body composition data. We show that SA are significantly more active in processes linked to vesicular transport and secretion, and to increased lipid metabolism activity. Conversely, the expression of proteins involved in the mitochondrial energy metabolism and translational or biosynthetic activity is higher in VA.

Conclusion

Our analysis represents a valuable resource of protein expression profiles in abdominal SA and omental VA, highlighting key differences in their role in obesity.

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